What environmental factors accelerate rust formation on untreated cast iron animal sculptures?

Untreated cast iron animal sculptures are highly susceptible to rust due to their iron content and porous surface. Several environmental factors significantly accelerate rust formation:

1. Moisture and Humidity: Prolonged exposure to rain, snow, or high humidity creates an ideal environment for oxidation, speeding up corrosion.

2. Salt Exposure: Coastal areas or road salt in winter can cause rapid rusting due to the corrosive nature of salt.

3. Air Pollution: Industrial pollutants, such as sulfur dioxide, react with moisture to form acids that attack the metal surface.

4. Temperature Fluctuations: Frequent freeze-thaw cycles expand and contract microscopic cracks, exposing fresh metal to oxidation.

5. Lack of Protective Coating: Without sealants or paint, cast iron remains vulnerable to direct environmental damage.

To preserve these sculptures, regular maintenance, protective coatings, and strategic placement away from harsh conditions are essential.