What thermal degradation markers indicate aging in composite materials?

Thermal degradation markers are critical indicators of aging in composite materials, revealing changes in structural integrity and performance over time. Key markers include the formation of oxidation products, such as carbonyl groups, which signal polymer chain scission. Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) released during heating also indicate decomposition, while changes in glass transition temperature (Tg) reflect molecular mobility shifts. Additionally, weight loss measured via thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) highlights material stability. These markers help engineers predict lifespan and optimize composite durability in aerospace, automotive, and construction applications. Understanding these signs ensures proactive maintenance and enhances material reliability.