How does the alkalinity of concrete affect surrounding soil or vegetation?

The alkalinity of concrete, primarily due to its high calcium hydroxide content, can significantly alter the pH of surrounding soil and negatively affect vegetation. When rainwater or moisture interacts with fresh concrete, alkaline runoff leaches into the soil, raising its pH levels. This shift can disrupt nutrient availability, making essential elements like iron, manganese, and phosphorus less accessible to plants. Over time, prolonged exposure to alkaline conditions may stunt plant growth, cause leaf chlorosis (yellowing), or even kill sensitive species. Additionally, soil microorganisms vital for nutrient cycling can be harmed, further degrading ecosystem health. Mitigation strategies, such as using barriers, acid-neutralizing amendments, or low-alkalinity concrete mixes, are often employed to minimize these environmental impacts. Understanding these effects is crucial for sustainable construction practices.