What are the effects of prolonged exposure to industrial emissions on stone?
Prolonged exposure to industrial emissions has severe effects on stone materials, leading to accelerated degradation. Pollutants such as sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides react with moisture in the air to form acidic compounds, which corrode stone surfaces. This results in discoloration, loss of structural integrity, and surface erosion. Historical monuments and buildings are particularly vulnerable, as the chemical reactions dissolve calcite and other minerals in stone. Over time, this weakens the material, causing cracks, spalling, and irreversible damage. Additionally, particulate matter from emissions can accumulate on stone surfaces, further accelerating deterioration. Preventive measures like protective coatings and pollution control are essential to preserve stone structures in industrial areas.
