What are the seismic retrofitting options for stone outdoor chairs?

Stone outdoor chairs add elegance to gardens and patios, but their heavy weight and rigid structure make them vulnerable during earthquakes. To improve their seismic resistance, consider these retrofitting options:

1. Base Anchoring: Secure chairs to a concrete foundation using stainless steel brackets or epoxy anchors to prevent tipping.

2. Flexible Joints: Replace rigid mortar joints with flexible polyurethane sealant to absorb vibrations.

3. Reinforcement Straps: Wrap stainless steel straps around the chair’s legs or back for added stability.

4. Shock Absorbers: Install rubber or neoprene pads beneath the chair to dampen seismic forces.

5. Lightweight Alternatives: For high-risk areas, replace stone chairs with lighter, reinforced materials like fiberglass-coated stone.

These measures enhance safety while preserving aesthetics. Consult an engineer for site-specific solutions.