How does the inclusion of phase change materials (PCMs) in resin regulate soil temperature fluctuations?

The integration of phase change materials (PCMs) into resin offers an innovative solution for regulating soil temperature fluctuations, a critical factor in sustainable agriculture. PCMs absorb, store, and release thermal energy during phase transitions, effectively buffering extreme temperature changes in the soil. When embedded in resin, these materials form a stable composite that can be applied as coatings or mixed into soil amendments.

This technology works by leveraging the latent heat properties of PCMs. During the day, excess heat is absorbed as the material melts, preventing soil overheating. At night, the PCM solidifies, releasing stored heat and maintaining a stable thermal environment for plant roots. This dynamic regulation minimizes stress on crops, improves water retention, and enhances microbial activity in the rhizosphere.

Research shows that resin-PCM composites can reduce daily soil temperature variations by up to 50%, creating optimal growing conditions. The slow-release properties of resin further ensure long-term effectiveness, making it particularly valuable for greenhouse applications and arid regions. By mitigating temperature extremes, this approach supports higher crop yields while reducing irrigation needs and energy consumption in controlled agriculture systems.