How does PVC compare to polyethylene in terms of hardness?

When comparing PVC (polyvinyl chloride) and polyethylene in terms of hardness, there are notable differences that influence their applications. PVC is inherently harder and more rigid than polyethylene, making it suitable for applications requiring structural integrity, such as pipes, window frames, and flooring. Its hardness is due to the presence of chlorine atoms in its molecular structure, which create strong intermolecular forces.

On the other hand, polyethylene is softer and more flexible, especially in its low-density form (LDPE). High-density polyethylene (HDPE) offers greater hardness but still falls short of PVC's rigidity. Polyethylene's flexibility makes it ideal for products like plastic bags, containers, and tubing.

In summary, PVC is the better choice for hard, durable applications, while polyethylene excels in flexible, lightweight uses. The choice between the two depends on the specific requirements of the project.