How does the hardness of cast iron compare to wrought iron?

Cast iron and wrought iron are two widely used materials in various industries, but they differ significantly in terms of hardness and other properties. Cast iron, known for its high carbon content (typically 2-4%), is harder and more brittle than wrought iron. This hardness makes cast iron ideal for applications requiring durability and resistance to wear, such as engine blocks, pipes, and cookware.

On the other hand, wrought iron contains much less carbon (less than 0.08%) and is softer and more malleable. Its lower hardness allows it to be easily forged, welded, and shaped, making it suitable for decorative ironwork, fences, and gates. While wrought iron is less hard than cast iron, it offers superior tensile strength and flexibility, which are crucial in structural applications.

In summary, cast iron is harder and more brittle, while wrought iron is softer and more ductile. The choice between the two depends on the specific requirements of the application, balancing hardness, strength, and workability.