What are the differences in thermal conductivity with aging?

Thermal conductivity is a critical property of materials, influencing their ability to transfer heat. However, as materials age, their thermal conductivity can change significantly. Aging affects materials through processes such as oxidation, microstructural changes, and the accumulation of defects. For instance, metals may experience reduced thermal conductivity due to corrosion or the formation of oxide layers, while polymers might degrade and lose their heat transfer efficiency over time. Additionally, composite materials can suffer from delamination or filler degradation, further altering their thermal properties. Understanding these changes is essential for industries relying on long-term material performance, such as aerospace, construction, and electronics. By studying the effects of aging on thermal conductivity, engineers can develop strategies to mitigate degradation and extend the lifespan of critical components.