How to prevent efflorescence on concrete outdoor seating in coastal environments?

Efflorescence, the white powdery residue on concrete surfaces, is a common issue in coastal environments due to saltwater exposure and humidity. To prevent efflorescence on concrete outdoor seating, follow these steps:

1. Use High-Quality Concrete Mix: Opt for low-alkali cement and additives that reduce moisture absorption.

2. Apply a Sealer: Use a penetrating or film-forming sealer to block water and salt infiltration.

3. Proper Curing: Ensure the concrete cures slowly and evenly to minimize cracks and pores.

4. Regular Cleaning: Rinse seating with fresh water to remove salt deposits and prevent buildup.

5. Design for Drainage: Slope surfaces to allow water runoff and avoid pooling.

By implementing these measures, you can maintain the appearance and longevity of concrete seating in coastal areas.