How to repair spalling on concrete outdoor seating caused by freeze-thaw cycles?

Freeze-thaw cycles can cause significant damage to concrete outdoor seating, leading to spalling—a flaking or peeling of the surface. Repairing this issue promptly can restore both functionality and appearance. Here’s a step-by-step guide to fixing spalled concrete:

1. Assess the Damage: Inspect the affected area to determine the extent of the spalling. Remove any loose or crumbling concrete with a chisel and hammer.

2. Clean the Surface: Use a wire brush or pressure washer to remove debris, dirt, and dust. Ensure the area is completely dry before proceeding.

3. Apply a Bonding Agent: To improve adhesion, apply a concrete bonding agent to the prepared surface. This helps the new material bond securely to the old concrete.

4. Patch the Spalled Area: Mix a high-quality concrete patching compound according to the manufacturer’s instructions. Apply it to the damaged area, smoothing it evenly with a trowel.

5. Cure the Patch: Keep the repaired area moist for at least 24 hours by covering it with plastic or spraying it lightly with water. This ensures proper curing and strength.

6. Seal the Concrete: Once fully cured, apply a concrete sealer to protect against future freeze-thaw damage and extend the lifespan of your repair.

By following these steps, you can effectively repair spalling and prevent further deterioration of your concrete outdoor seating. Regular maintenance and sealing can also help minimize future damage.